Compartmentalization of the Latissimus Dorsi Muscle

This anatomical study provides a detailed description of the thoraco-dorsal artery, vein and nerve systems within the latissimus dorsi muscle. The nerve and vascular relationships in ten fresh cadaveric latissimus dorsi muscle specimens, were analysed. Radio-opaque material was injected into the thoraco-dorsal artery, while the thoraco-dorsal nerve and its main branches were dissected and labeled with fine wire. These dissections were accomplished microscopically following which all the specimens were X-rayed for further analysis. The results of these investigations are presented and suggestions are made regarding the subdivision of the muscle into independent neurovascular functional units. The study demonstrated that the latissimus dorsi muscle is composed of two neurovascular units and that splitting of the muscle into independent units is a reliable surgical maneuver. This technique increases the utility of the muscle for local or distant transfer and minimizes donor site morbidity.